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Author(s): G. Miese-Looy, M.J. Van den Heuvel, A.K. Edwards, J. Lamarre, and C. Tayade
Publication Date: June 13, 2012
Reference: Journal of Reproduction and Development, Vol. 58, No. 1, 2012
Country: Canada

Summary:

Conceptuse loss in early and mid gestation is thought to be at least partially due to decreased vascularization at the attachment site. Angiogenesis is influenced by VEGF, its two receptors, and PIGF, and IGF factors influence the expression of VEGF. IGFs are paracrine or autocrine and stimulate DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. IGF-I is most important in the peri-implantation stage of gestation, and IGF-II in mid-gestation. Both IFNs decrease when feed is restricted, and result in small fetuses. IGF-I preferentially binds receptor IGF-IR, and it is found in higher amounts in small fetuses. IGF-II preferentially binds IGF-RII, and it is found in maternal and embryo cells, and varies regardless of size. This study tested uterine tissue for IGF-I, IGF-II, binding proteins (IGFBP), and receptors in non-preganant, gd20, and gd50 gilts. IGF-I was found in all tissues and corresponded with β actin, but declined in gd20 endometrium cells in healthy attachment sites. IGF-II was consistently higher than IGF-I, showed variaion, and declined in endometrium and trophoblasts beteen gd20 and gd50. IGF-RI declined between gd20 and gd50 in trophoblasts. IGFBP1 and IGFBP3 were higher in arresting conceptuses at gd50, levels of IGFBP4 varied, and IGFBP5 and IGFBP6 levels decreased as pregnancy progressed. IGF-I and IGF-II in endometrial and trophoblasts showed no difference in level of transcription between healthy and arresting conceptuses at gd20. IGFBPs were fairly stable throughout pregnancy. Overall, IGF-I, IGF-II and receptor transcription levels varied throughout pregnancy, but seem to show no clear pattern for expression in arresting or healthy conceptuse cells.

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