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Industry Partners
Prairie Swine Centre is an affiliate of the University of Saskatchewan
Prairie Swine Centre is grateful for the assistance of the George Morris Centre in developing the economics portion of Pork Insight.
Financial support for the Enterprise Model Project and Pork Insight has been provided by:
Liquid Manure Techniques to Minimize Odours
Posted in: Environment by admin on January 1, 2001 | No Comments
This paper focused on evaluation of existing liquid manure application methods and equipment from an odour-related perspective. Requirements for liquid manure injection and how to select injectors and the operation parameters were also addressed. Odour levels associated with land application of liquid manure are not directly related to the
application method. That manure injection provides lower odour level than surface application is not necessarily true in some injection cases where excessive manure is exposed to the air as a result of poor injection operation or the use of an inappropriate injector. Odour levels are directly determined by the amount of manure exposed to the air and the surface area covered with exposed manure, if other conditions are the same. Injection may not reduce odour to a background level (equivalent to odour over an unmanured soil surface), even it is properly done. Odour concentration at the ground level following manure injection varies from approximately
double 18 times higher than the background value, depending on the extent of manure exposure.
The primary criterion for selecting an injector should be based on the tool capacity that must be sufficient in order to minimize exposed manure, and consequently odours. Other criteria should be also considered, such as the hose power requirement and manure distribution in soil. In grassland application, minimum soil disturbance is also an important criterion. The performance of an injector on these perspectives is not only affected by tool type, but also by injection depth and other factors. Generally, manure application to grassland was feasible using low-disturbance injection, infiltration enhancement, surface banding and sub-canopy application methods, in terms of grass
production. However, there is the potential for odour if excessive overflow-manure occurs.
Variability in Compostion of Manure Over the Pump Out Cycle of Several Hog Manure Stores in Manitoba
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Hog manure is recognized as a valuable resource, largely because the N it contains is mostly in the form of NH4-N. This binds to soil and is less prone to leaching to groundwater than NO3-N. Nevertheless, monitoring nutrient loading to land reliably is more difficult with manure than with inorganic fertilizer. Manure is variable in composition from one store to another, and difficult to maintain in a homogeneous state due to settling of particulate material. Few data exist on the variability in composition of hog manure during application to land. For a study of the feasibility of analyzing hog manure rapidly with near-infrared spectroscopy, 121 manure samples were collected from 13 hog operations in the vicinity of Winnipeg MB between 28 September and 4 November 2000. All but two of these operations held the manure in
earthen stores, one had a slurry store and a secondary lagoon, and one had above ground storage. Six of the operations were visited once and seven were visited from two to seven times during pump-out from agitated lagoons. Several of these were visited at the start and finish of pump-out, as well as periodically in between. At most sites, a pail was filled from the drop-out valve on the umbilicus during actual field application. The manure in the pail was well-stirred and four 1-L subsamples were taken immediately after one another in polyethylene bottles. Samples were analyzed by the Freshwater Institute Analytical Laboratory for pH, conductivity, density, ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), particulate nitrogen, dissolved phosphorus (dissolved P), particulate P, and particulate carbon (particulate C, i.e., a
measure of the particular organic matter). Eighty of the 121 samples of manure were analyzed for 31 metals and minor elements by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry, and for % moisture by Norwest Labs. Some or all of the values for Ag, As, Bi, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Ti and V were below the limits of detection for the method. These are not considered further here.
EVALUATION OF PERCENT FLOW CAPTURED BY A SMALL INa
Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments
Quantification of odors and odorants from swine operations in North Carolina
Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments
Analysis of Minor elements and Metals in Hog Manure by Field-portable near-infrared Spectrscopy: Results for the Textron/Case NH ProSpectra(TM) Spectrometer
Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments
The overall purpose of this project was to develop a field protocol for testing two field-portable
near-infrared (NIR) spectrophotometers as on-site, free-standing (not in-line), measurement
tools for nutrients in hog manure at the time of application of manure to agricultural land. This
project is a developmental step between the analysis of hog manure in the laboratory using
near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and the deployment of NIR instruments in the manure
stream for real-time measurement of composition of manure during application to land. The
field-portable instruments included the Textron Systems Corp (USA)/Case NH (USA)
ProSpectraa
Effect of Land Use on Methane Flux from Soil
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Pig effluent-P application can increase the risk of P transport: two case studies
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Amendment of nitrogen and phosphorus in swine manure by nutrition
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A rapid expansion of swine production in prairie provinces increased the public awareness of the
possible environmental risks of swine manure. The odours and water quality deterioration being
the main concerns, and an excess nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) excreted in manure are
responsible for adverse effect on water quality. Some of the large swine production units do not
have sufficient land base for an effective utilization of manure as fertilizer resulting in manure
storage and disposal problems. The new provincial environmental regulations require nutrient
management plans from the farms when the swine production exceeds certain number of animal
units. Some feeding strategies were developed for an amendment of the N and P content of
swine manure to minimize the adverse effects on environment.