EVAPORATION REDUCTION POTENTIAL IN AN UNDISTURBED SOIL IRRIGATED WITH SURFACE DRIP AND SAND TUBE IRRIGATION

Posted in: Environment by admin on January 1, 2000 | No Comments

Hudrogen Sulfide Production from Stored Liquid Swine Manure: A Laboratory Study

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments

The production of hydorgen sulfide from liquid swine manure is influenced by the manure settling characteristics and the initial sulfate concentration was studied in the laboratory. The manure was settled in a 30cm diameter x 120cm high column for 24 hours and then divided into three layers based on solids content. The manure from different layers was placed in separate closed jars and stored for 30 days a 22 degrees Cesius. The total sulfide, total solids, volatile solidds, pH in the manure, and hydrogen sulfide in the effluent gas stream was measured. The sulfide production rate was highest for all three manure layers during the first 5-10 days of storage. The top manure layer had the lowest solids content and the highest sulfide concentration. Howwever, due to the l;ower pH levels in the bottom layer, the concentrationof molecular H2S is higher in the bottom layer than the top layer. Mathematical equations for predicting H2S concentration and production rates in the different manure layers were derived. Three levels of initial sulfate concentration were used to test the effect of initial sulfate concentration in the liquid swine manure on sulfide production. Higher sulfate concentration in the manure resulted in higher sulfide concentration during the storage priod. From the observations made, it was confirmed that reducing the sulfate concentration in the water supply would help reduce the sulfide production in the pit.

A Strategy for Sustainable Manure Management in Saskatchewan

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments

Sustainable manure management is the application of sounds practices supported by scientific data over time. The impetus for research, development and extension activities will come from the industry, the public and federal and provincial agencies. To be successful, however, efforts must be co-ordinated, targeted to needs and delivered effectively.
What is clear is that single solutions are not the answer. We need to approach manure management from a systems perspective. The challenges identified under each of the strategic areas, although presented separately, are inter-related. Solutions must account for these relationships and evaluate the trade-offs that inevitably occur with decision-making. As a working document, this strategy brings together the challenges we face in manure management and allows stakeholders to see each component as part of a whole. It describes the objectives for each category, manure storage, manure application and use, manure odours, manure handling and transportation systems, manure treatment, environmental planning and communications and extension. It then describes the research being done in the area, the development of a strategy and the extension activities.

Biomass Cofiring Potential and Experiences in The Netherlands

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments

Control of trichinellosis by inspection and farm management practices

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments

Atmospheric transport and wet deposition of ammonium in North Carolina

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments

Swine Manure Application to Nodulating and Nonnodulating Soybean

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments

STOCHASTIC MODELING OF COMPOSTING PROCESSES WITH BATCH OPERATION BY THE FOKKER-PLANCK EQUATION

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments

Odourous Emissions and Odor Control in Composting Swine Manure/Sawdust Mixes Using Continuous and Intermettent Aeration

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments

Swine manure mixed with sawdust was composted ina 205L pilot-scale vessel. Four runs with a total of 22 vessel studies were made during 1998 and 1999. Composting was conducted, with either continuous or intermettent aeration supplied to each veswsel, for 17-79 days. Temperature, airflow, carbon dioxide production, oxygen uptake, and ammonia production were monitored. Material masses, moisture content, pH and various chemical concentrations were determined for initial and final samples. Further in the final two runs, conndensate from the exhaust air stream from each vessel was collected using water cooled condensers. Consensates and extracts from initial and final samples were analyzed bt gas chromatograph with falme ionization detector for volatile fatty acids. The results indicvated airflow had a strong effect on emssions. Ammonia showed a linear trend versus airflow, with about 50% reduction in ammonia occurring for a 75% reduction in airflow. Thus, there is a potential for reduced odors with reduced airflow. Reults also indicate that pH influenced the onset of composting and the potential for odour release. For vessels that started at higher pH values, development was much mopre rapid. These effects, combined with that fact that a significant majority of volatile fatty acids initially present at the ennd of runs, indicated that high bacterial activity was important for reduction of odour potential.

Natural and Biological Odour Control Methods for Swine Earthen Manure Storage Areas

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments