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Industry Partners
Prairie Swine Centre is an affiliate of the University of Saskatchewan
Prairie Swine Centre is grateful for the assistance of the George Morris Centre in developing the economics portion of Pork Insight.
Financial support for the Enterprise Model Project and Pork Insight has been provided by:
Oil cakes and their biotechnological applications – A review
Posted in: Environment by admin on January 1, 2007 | No Comments
Crop Productivity and Economics during the Transition to Alternative Cropping Systems
Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments
The Efficacy of Nine Different Feed Additives on Mitigating the Effects of Deoxynivalenol (DON) When Consumed by Growing Pigs.
Posted in: Prairie Swine Centre by admin on | No Comments
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by fusarium moulds contaminating cereal and other grains, including corn and wheat. Gross symptoms of DON ingestion include vomiting and feed refusal and it can have serious if not dramatic effects on the financial viability of a commercial pig farm. An experiment was conducted with nursery pigs to test the efficacy of 9 different feed additives on mitigating the effects of Deoxynivalenol (2 ppm DON) contaminated feed. Sixty pens of pigs, 4 pig/pen were fed one of 12 diets for the 22 day experiment, beginning 7 days post-weaning. Treatments were a positive control, (non-contaminated corn) a negative control (2 ppm DON) and the negative control supplemented with one of 9 different feed additives, or in one case a combination of feed additives. In conclusion, approximately 2 ppm DON in the diet of nursery pigs will decrease growth and feed intake by almost 10% if consumed for 3 weeks and feed additives, had no effect on ameliorating the effect of the mycotoxoin, regardless of their mode of action.
ÉMISSIONS DE GAZ
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ÉMISSIONS AÉRIENNES PAR LES BÂTIMENTS DE PRODUCTION
Les émissions aériennes causées par les fermes de production animale peuvent avoir des conséquences
négatives sur les animaux, les agriculteurs, les résidents voisins, l’environnement immédiat de la ferme
ainsi que l’atmosphère en raison de la diffusion de contaminants dans l’air. Les gaz, les odeurs de même
que les poussières sont les principales composantes de ces émissions aériennes. Leurs impacts, leurs
modes de diffusion ainsi que leurs rayons d’action sont cependant différents en raison de leurs propriétés
particulières. Par conséquent dans ce document, chacun de ces types d’émissions est traité séparément
dans les sections odeurs, émissions de gaz et poussières.
ÉMISSIONS DE GAZ
Les différents gaz produits par les fermes de production animale ont un impact sur la qualité de l’air dans
les bâtiments d’élevage ainsi que sur l’environnement immédiat de ces bâtiments en raison de la diffusion
de ces gaz par le système de ventilation. Des émissions sont aussi produites au niveau de la manutention,
l’entreposage et l’épandage des fumiers/lisiers. Dans les bâtiments clos certains gaz comme : le méthane
(CH4), le sulfure d’hydrogène (H2S) et le monoxyde de carbone (CO), peuvent causer des problèmes
sérieux de santé allant jusqu’à la mort lorsque leur concentration dépasse un niveau critique. De son côté,
l’ammoniaque (NH3) constitue un irritant pour le système respiratoire. Lorsque l’on considère leur
diffusion dans l’atmosphère, les gaz découlant des activités de production animale peuvent être regroupés
en deux catégories : 1) les gaz responsables de l’acidification et l’eutrophisation de l’environnement tels
le NH3, les oxydes d’azote (NO, NO2, NOx) et les composés organiques volatils et, 2) les gaz à effet de
serre tels le bioxyde de carbone (CO2), le méthane ainsi que les oxydes d’azote qui ont tous été reliés aux
phénomènes de réchauffement global et de détérioration de la couche d’ozone (Schulte, 1997).
Process performance of biogas digesters incorporating pre-separated manure
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Solid–liquid separation as a pre-treatment before
anaerobic digestion was tested in a pilot-scale digester,
in which part of the liquid manure was substituted with
the solids from separation (high-solids digester) and
compared with anaerobic digestion using liquid manure
alone (reference digester).
The ratio of CH4 in the biogas averaged 71% in the
reference digester and 65% in the high-solids digester.
Substitution of slurry with up to 60% solid manure
resulted in a higher gas production per digester volume at
52 °C than can be achieved by liquid manure alone, thus
the CH4 yield in terms of digester volume was almost
twice that in the reference digester during the period with
60% substitution.
However, this high ratio of solid matter also increased
the NH4–N level beyond the normal inhibitory level, to
more than 5 g L− 1, giving rise to VFA levels higher than
normally associated with a stable process, and to a reduced
yield in terms of VS; the yield in the high-solids digester in
terms ofVSwas on average slightly above 200 LCH4 kg− 1 VS, compared to the level of 320 L CH4 kg− 1 VS in the
reference digester, which indicated an inhibition of the
process in the high-solids digester. When the high-solids
digester was coupled with an efficient post-digestion,
the total yield in terms of VS was comparable for both
digesters, indicating that the reduced yield caused by
inhibition can be compensated for by coupling an efficient
post-digestion to the nitrogen-inhibited process.