The effect of low light flux and nitrogen defficiency on the chemical composition of Spirulina sp. (Arthrospira) grown on digested pig waste

Posted in: Environment by admin on January 1, 2001 | No Comments

Effect of Land Use on Methane Flux from Soil

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Pig effluent-P application can increase the risk of P transport: two case studies

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Clogging and Flow Reduction in Soil Materials by Ponded Hog Manure

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Earthen Manure Storages offer an economical viable means of storing manure as compare to concrete or steel tanks. Ground water contamination is a concern if improper soil materials are used or improper construction techniques are used. Previous research done in Quebec has shown that liquid manure can cause clogging and great reduction in seepage rates. We conducted a laboratory and field study to confirm these findings for Saskatchewan soil materials and conditions.

Mask Use in Swine Facilities Reduces Health Effects

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Where Does Pork fit into Today's Consumer Trends?

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Dietary cereal affects intestine bacteria numbers in weaned pigs

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Dietary ingredients may be an important component of control of intestine health. A study was conducted with 45 weaned pigs fed diets based on corn, barley, or wheat. Digesta was collected from the small intestine and caecum. Dietary cereal grain or dietary fibre may affect bacteria populations in the intestine.

Evaluation of a simple method for assessment of rising behaviour in tethered dairy cows.

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Danish Friesian cows in their first, second, or third lactation (early or late lactation), and some dry cows were divided between the age groups and scored for rising behaviour while in tie-stalls three times per day for five consecutive days. Scoring occurred at 11:30 h, 15:00 h, and 17:30 h. The cows were encouraged to rise using increasing levels of encouragement while minimizing the amount of force used. Scores for rising were between 1 and 5, with 1 meaning the cow rose normally and smoothly, and 5 meaning the cow rose front first. The level of encouragement required was also scored. Video recording of behaviour was recorded to assess total lying time, lying frequency, maximum lying bout length, time to lie down, time for preparatory phase of lying, time to rise and time for final phase of rising. Video records of rising were also scored. The stage of lactation affected total lying time, number of lying bouts, maximum bout length and rising behaviour while lactation number had a minimal effect on lying behaviour. Using the proposed score for rising reliably showed whether cows in tie-stalls had difficulty rising when at least 3 observations were included. The proportion of cows in different stages of lactation and of different parities should be included in assessments of rising behaviour because the stage of lactation and parity significantly affected rising behaviour.

Variation in behavioural responses of ewes towards predator-related stimuli.

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Wild sheep are pronounced flock animals, shy, attentive and have quick flight reactions, while defending their offspring when necessary. Furthermore, they show strong antipredatory behaviour. In this study the differences in antipredatory behaviour among the following breeds, Old Norwegian, Spaelsheep, Norwegian fur sheep, Suffolk, Steigar, and Dala was experimented towards seven stimulus regimes. Tests were performed on 2-5 years old ewes with lambs inside standardized and fenced home pastures. The stimulus regimes were: man in rain poncho, trolley, ball on trolley (blind stimuli), stuffed wolverine on trolley, stuffed lynx on trolley, stuffed bear on trolley, and man in a rain poncho with a dog on leash (carnivore stimuli). Carnivore stimuli caused longer recovery times and longer flight distances than the blind stimuli which indicates that the sheep are able to distinguish between dangerous and less dangerous stimuli. In summary, the results of this study show that lighter sheep breeds display stronger antipredatory reactions than heavier breeds.

Group size and perching behaviour in young domestic fowl.

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The objective of this investigation was to determine the impact of group size and age on the perching behaviour of young domestic fowl kept under indoor housing conditions with equal resource availability across group sizes. White Leghorn pullets were reared in groups 15, 30, 60 and 120 at a constant density of 5 birds/m2. Each pen contained perches 20, 40 and 60 cm above the ground. Perch space per bird per perch level was the same for all groups. The proportion of 3- to 18-week-old birds roosting on perches during scans throughout the photoperiod decreased with increasing group size, from 41 A