New mathematical model of particle size distribution for swine building dust.

Posted in: Environment by admin on January 1, 1995 | No Comments

Particle size distribution is important to characterize airborne dust and to design particulate matter control strategies. New data are needed on particle size distribution in swine buildings, and the existing particle size distribution models need to be evaluated. The log-normal, power law, and Weibull models did not adequately describe the particle size distribution of dust samples collected in rooms housing pigs. An alternative two-parameter empirical model was developed that fit the data much more closely than the other models. The parameters of the particle size distribution function did not vary significantly among rooms housing pigs in different stages of production, suggesting that similar dust control strategies may be developed for a wide variety of pig housing facilities.

Minimum Distance Separation I (MDS I)

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments

Implementation guidelines are presented for the determination of minimum distance separation between livestock production units or farms and other rural land use. The document is to be used when planning and development applications are realized or reviewed. The required separation distances between existing farm and new non-farm uses are provided considering the animal species, and the livestock units or potential livestock units. A data sheet can be directly uses to present the information regarding a farm and neighbouring land uses.

Wheat Phosphorus Availability : 2-In Vivo Study in Broilers and Pigs; Relationship with Endogenous Phytasic Activity and Phytic Phosphorus Content in Wheat

Posted in: Production by admin on | No Comments

In order to reduce the P concentration in manure, P availability in different plant feedstuffs should be determined. Wheat P availability has been studied by the digestive balance technique on broilers and pigs. Nineteen wheat samples were tested on broilers, giving a mean P retention of 57% (45-7070). P retention was observed to be linearly associated with the endogenous phytasic activity in wheats (r = 0-58; P < 0-05). This variability in P retention cannot be satisfactorily explained by the phytic P content of wheat. Four wheat samples were tested on pigs, giving a mean apparent P digestibility of 40%.

Treatment of Swine Wastes by High-Rate-Modified-Anaerobic-Proces (HRAMP).

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments

The technology discussed here is efficient for operating temperature of 25 to 30 C so it is more efficient in warm climates where the outside temperature stays always high.

Options for Managing Odor.

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments

In 1993 after the North Carolina General Assembly and the North Carolina State University recognized that swine odor problems had to be address in a specific way, the Swine Odor Task Force was formed. Two broad questions were to be answered and they are: “What are the primary sources and causes of odors from swine operations? and How can those odors be reduced or make less offensive?”. The swine production has doubled in North Carolina in the last four years with no real adjustment to environmental considerations and manure management and also increasing contacts between non-farming rural residents and farms. In many communities, odor complaints started making the news. The answer on the questions are presented in this report and information about the industry growth, public conflicts, odors, waste management, water quality are presented. Options for odor reduction are also presented for now and for the future. The main avenues toward odor reduction are related to overall better management thorough out the production.

This document covers well the situation of odour and the information is presented in order to be understood by a broad group of reader. However it is not possible to refer to the information sources used in order to write this report as the references are not given.

Cross Seasonal Studies of Airborne Microbial Populations and Environment in Swine Buildings: Implications for Worker and Animal Health

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments

Vaccination against Strep. Suis

Posted in: Prairie Swine Centre by admin on | No Comments

Disease caused by infection of piglets with Streptococcus suis is responsible for some of the most significant and disturbing losses in swine production. The disease is recognized by many producers and veterinary swine specialists as the most important infectious disease currently affecting swine production in North America.
The three main objectives of this vaccine trial were to control disease in piglets by vaccinating sows in an infected herd, to determine whether vaccination alters anti-Streptococcus suis antibody titre in sow colostrums, and to compare the disease in two groups that were vaccinated with subunit bacterins to a control group. Two strains of S. suis (serotypes 3 and 9) were isolated from untreated pigs showing signs of meningitis in this herd. Two subunit vaccines (A and B) were prepared from a combination of both of these strains and were combined with adjuvant. The control group was given placebo vaccine (C ) prepared from sterile saline and adjuvant. Sows and gilts were randomly assigned to one of the three groups and were vaccinated intramuscularly at four weeks before farrowing and one week before farrowing. Barn staff recorded the identification of pigs that died and whether they showed signs of S. suis disease prior to death. The antibody titre in the colostrums of the sows that were vaccinated with vaccine A (titre of 3581) or vaccine B (titre of 1807) was significantly (P < 0.01) greater than the titre in the colostrums of the control sows (titre of 109). Likewise, piglets nursing sows vaccinated with A or B vaccines had greater antibody titres than piglets nursing control sows. The number of piglets born alive was not different among groups A, B or C, but more pigs in control group C died of S. suis disease than in vaccine groups A or B. In conclusion, both vaccine A and vaccine B reduced death from S. suis disease in litters from sows or gilts vaccinated with either of them. Both the vaccinated sows and their piglets had more antibody than controls.

A comparison of productivity and welfare of growing pigs in four intensive systems.

Posted in: Welfare by admin on | No Comments

Welfare of animals at slaughter – research and development. Part II.

Posted in: Welfare by admin on | No Comments

Effect of litter oiling and ventilation rate on air quality, health, and performance of turkeys.

Posted in: Environment by admin on | No Comments

An experiment was conducted to study the effects of the application of rapeseed oil to litter, and ventilation rate, on the health status and growth performance of male heavy turkeys at 16 weeks of age. Litter oiling and increased ventilation rate significantly reduced the concentration of aerosol dust particles and the incidence of lung lesions.