{"id":19192,"date":"2017-05-10T11:27:24","date_gmt":"2017-05-10T17:27:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/?p=19192"},"modified":"2017-05-10T11:27:24","modified_gmt":"2017-05-10T17:27:24","slug":"revisiting-the-basics-of-breeding","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/revisiting-the-basics-of-breeding\/","title":{"rendered":"REVISITING THE BASICS OF BREEDING"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>With traditional, intracervical artificial insemination (AI), 2 to 3 inseminations\/estrus period are performed with each AI requiring 3 to 5 minutes. Individual AI doses contain 1.5 to 3 billion sperm cells in a volume of 70 to 85 mL. However, a significant proportion of sows in estrus on commercial farms are now bred 2 to 3 times using post-cervical AI (PCAI) with each AI dose containing approximately 50% of the sperm cells and volume that doses contained previously. With PCAI, semen is deposited just inside the uterus, requiring 10 to 15 seconds.<\/p>\n<p>Regardless of whether intracervical AI or PCAI is employed, proper timing of inseminations is a prerequisite for high farrowing rates and large litter sizes. Reproductive performance in sows is greatest when semen is deposited 0 to 24 hours before ovulation (Soede et al., 1995)<\/p>\n<p>PROPER DETECTION OF ESTRUS IS KEY FOR REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The ability to accurately detect estrus, particularly in gilts, is perhaps the most important factor impacting reproductive performance and longevity on sow farms<\/li>\n<li>Having\u00a0a designated person for detecting estrus and breeding gilts has been listed as a key factor in wether or not sows are high or low longevity<\/li>\n<li>Estrus can only be confirmed, by display of the lordosis or immobilization response<\/li>\n<li>Daily boar exposure (10 to 15 minutes) commenced at 160 days of age, gilts given direct contact with a boar after movement to an estrus detection pen were significantly younger at first estrus (180.9 days of age) compared with gilts given fence-line contact only (191.9 days of age),<\/li>\n<li>Age of boars used to detect estrus is important, beginning at approximately 10 months of age.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>SINGLE, FIXED TIME ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION<\/p>\n<p>A new product called OvuGel is labelled for inducing ovulation in weaned sows by stimulating the release of luteinizing hormone. Sows receive intravaginal treatment with OvuGel 96 hours post-weaning, and ovulation occurs 40 to 48 hours after treatment (Knox et al., 2014). Thus, when using OvuGel, a single fixed time AI (FTAI) can be performed approximately 24 hours after treatment. In theory, sows can be bred without regard to estrus.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In order for OvuGel to be effective at inducing ovulation, treated animals must have an available crop of mature ovarian follicles.<\/li>\n<li>P.G. 600, has been demonstrated to accelerate the onset of follicular growth, estrus and ovulation in sows weaned during the summer (Bates et al., ).<\/li>\n<li>After first mating, a greater proportion of control sows (24.8%), compared to P.G. 600-treated sows (12.0%) returned to estrus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With traditional, intracervical artificial insemination (AI), 2 to 3 inseminations\/estrus period are performed with each AI requiring 3 to 5 minutes. Individual AI doses contain 1.5 to 3 billion sperm cells in a volume of 70 to 85 mL. However, a significant proportion of sows in estrus on commercial farms are now bred 2 to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,930,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pork-insight-articles","category-production","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19192"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19192\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19194,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19192\/revisions\/19194"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19192"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}