The application of manure nutrients to cropland in an environmentally acceptable manner is an essential\u00a0component of future agricultuml production worldwide. Manure nutrients applied at rates that match crop\u00a0nutrient requirements are the basis of manure management programs, which maximize nutrient uptake
\nand minimize the potential for ground and surface water pollution. To achieve this requires knowledge of\u00a0the nutrient content of the manure and the ability to apply manure accurately at rates that meet but do not\u00a0exceed crop needs. In addition to the nutrient content of manure, the physical and flow properties of the\u00a0material can help predict material-machine interactions, affecting the performance and efficiency of the\u00a0equipment. Improved handling and land application technologies will make the management of different\u00a0forms of solid and semi-solid manure in large quantities a more technologically and economically\u00a0interesting alternative for both livestock and field crop producers.<\/p>\n