Reducing particle size below 700 \u00b5m proved effective in altering N excretion patterns, while phytase\u00a0proved very effective in improving the digestibility of P in the diet. The addition of carbohydrase showed\u00a0little evidence of reducing total N or P excretion. A reduction of dietary protein content will reduce\u00a0excretion of nitrogen in feces, but especially in the urine. With dietary fermentable fibre, part of the
\nurinary excretion of nitrogen can be shifted toward excretion in feces. Reduction in amount of P in feeds\u00a0is effective in reducing P in manure. The success of the management strategy for reducing P excretion is\u00a0dependent on an accurate estimate of P requirements for pigs. A better understanding of the P\u00a0requirements might enable diet formulation closer to the pig requirements to reduce the amount of P in\u00a0manure. An improvement in P utilization is economically beneficial to pork producers, and is also\u00a0important for sustainable swine production. The reduction In excess nutrients and odour emissions while\u00a0sustaining high levels of pork production is critical for long-term survival of a globally competitive pork\u00a0industry.<\/p>\n