Veterinary antibiotics are widely used at concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs)
\nto prevent disease and promote growth of livestock. However, the majority of antibiotics
\nare excreted from animals in urine, feces, and manure. Consequently, the lagoons used to
\nstore these wastes can act as reservoirs of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
\nThere is currently no regulation or control of these systems to prevent the spread of these
\nbacteria and their genes for antibiotic resistance into other environments. This study was
\nconducted to determine the disinfection potential of chlorine, ultraviolet light and ozone
\nagainst swine lagoon bacteria. Results indicate that a chlorine dose of 30mg\/L could
\nachieve a 2.2\u20133.4 log bacteria reduction in lagoon samples. However, increasing the dose of
\nchlorine did not significantly enhance the disinfection activity due to the presence of
\nchlorine-resistant bacteria. The chlorine resistant bacteria were identified to be closely
\nrelated to Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. A significant percentage of lagoon
\nbacteria were not susceptible to the four selected antibiotics: chlortetracycline, lincomycin,
\nsulfamethazine and tetracycline (TET). However, the presence of both chlorine and TET
\ncould inactivate all bacteria in one lagoon sample. The disinfection potential of UV
\nirradiation and ozone was also examined. Ultraviolet light was an effective bacterial
\ndisinfectant, but was unlikely to be economically viable due to its high energy
\nrequirements. At an ozone dose of 100 mg\/L, the bacteria inactivation efficiency could
\nreach 3.3\u00013.9 log.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Veterinary antibiotics are widely used at concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) to prevent disease and promote growth of livestock. However, the majority of antibiotics are excreted from animals in urine, feces, and manure. Consequently, the lagoons used to store these wastes can act as reservoirs of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. There is currently no regulation […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[8882,640,3694,1456,11778,25424,5380,20215,16845,16670,60,1276,1624,527,27278,6904,46,108,20007,158,15878,26380,2771,355,5381,169,2157,16262,35,1284,20911,4874,6262,5382,1213,766,677,69],"class_list":["post-2035","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environment","tag-al","tag-animal","tag-antibiotic","tag-antibiotics","tag-bacillus-licheniformis","tag-bacillus-subtilis","tag-chlorine","tag-chlortetracycline","tag-close","tag-concentrated-animal-feeding-operations","tag-disease","tag-disinfectant","tag-disinfection","tag-efficiency","tag-energy","tag-fee","tag-feed","tag-feeding","tag-gh","tag-growth","tag-in-the-netherlands-the-legal-requirements-for-pigs-housed-under-artificial-lighting","tag-infec","tag-iron","tag-lagoon","tag-light","tag-manure","tag-ozone","tag-pl","tag-swine","tag-swine-wastewater","tag-t","tag-tan","tag-tetracycline","tag-ultraviolet","tag-urine","tag-waste","tag-wastewater","tag-water"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2035","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2035"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2035\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2035"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2035"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2035"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}