{"id":8731,"date":"2011-08-22T21:00:07","date_gmt":"2011-08-22T21:00:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/?p=8731"},"modified":"2011-11-25T15:53:46","modified_gmt":"2011-11-25T15:53:46","slug":"nitrifi-cation-and-denitrifi-cation-gene-abundances-in-swine-wastewater-anaerobic-lagoons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/nitrifi-cation-and-denitrifi-cation-gene-abundances-in-swine-wastewater-anaerobic-lagoons\/","title":{"rendered":"Nitrification and Denitrification Gene Abundances in Swine Wastewater Anaerobic Lagoons"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;\"><span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;\">Although anaerobic lagoons are used globally for livestock waste treatment, their detailed microbial cycling of N is only beginning to become understood. Within this cycling, nitrification can be performed by organisms that produce the enzyme ammonia monooxygenase. For denitrification, the reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide can be catalyzed by two forms of nitrite reductases, and N2O can be reduced by nitrous oxide reductase encoded by the gene <em>nosZ. <\/em>The objectives of this investigation were to (i) quantify the abundance of the <em>amoA<\/em>, <em>nirK<\/em>, <em>nirS<\/em>, and <em>nosZ <\/em>genes; (ii) evaluate the influence of environmental conditions on their abundances; and (iii) evaluate their abundance relative to denitrification enzyme activity (DEA). Samples were analyzed via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and collected from eight typical, commercial anaerobic, swine wastewater lagoons located in the Carolinas. The four genes assayed in this study were present in all eight lagoons. Their abundances relative to total bacterial populations were 0.04% (<em>amoA<\/em>), 1.33% (<em>nirS<\/em>), 5.29% (<em>nirK<\/em>), and 0.27% (<em>nosZ<\/em>). When compared with lagoon chemical characteristics, <em>amoA <\/em>and <em>nirK <\/em>correlated with several measured variables. Neither <em>nirS <\/em>nor <em>nosZ <\/em>correlated with any measured environmental variables. Although no gene measured in this study correlated with actual or potential DEA, <em>nosZ <\/em>copy numbers did correlate with the disparity between actual and potential DEA. Phylogenetic analysis of <em>nosZ <\/em>did not reveal any correlations to DEA rates. As with other investigations, analyses of these genes provide useful insight while revealing the underlying greater complexity of N cycling within swine waste lagoons.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>For more information the full article can be found at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.agronomy.org\/publications\/jeq\">https:\/\/www.agronomy.org\/publications\/jeq<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Although anaerobic lagoons are used globally for livestock waste treatment, their detailed microbial cycling of N is only beginning to become understood. Within this cycling, nitrification can be performed by organisms that produce the enzyme ammonia monooxygenase. For denitrification, the reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide can be catalyzed by two forms of nitrite reductases, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,930],"tags":[8882,229,659,13816,5454,25121,2817,8547,1972,22232,809,27280,1443,3804,20007,20792,13815,2771,355,1191,13074,12788,496,813,13396,11106,26106,2069,8303,20312,22808,16262,17743,1533,35,1284,20911,18011,52,766,69,1408],"class_list":["post-8731","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environment","category-production","tag-al","tag-ammonia","tag-anaerobic","tag-ass","tag-ball","tag-chain","tag-cla","tag-complex","tag-condition","tag-cositec-technique-swine-laboratory","tag-denitrification","tag-environment","tag-enzyme","tag-genetic","tag-gh","tag-influence","tag-insight","tag-iron","tag-lagoon","tag-livestock-waste","tag-nirk","tag-nirs-nirk","tag-nitrate","tag-nitrification","tag-nitrification-and-denitrification-amoa-nirk-nosz","tag-nitrification-and-denitrification-gene-abundances-in-swine-wastewater-anaerobic-lagoons","tag-nitrification-denitrification-swine-manure-capital-and-operating-costs","tag-nitrite","tag-nitroc-oxide","tag-nosz-in-wastewater-treatment","tag-pic","tag-pl","tag-prod","tag-size","tag-swine","tag-swine-wastewater","tag-t","tag-tot","tag-treatment","tag-waste","tag-water","tag-water-use"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8731","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8731"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8731\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10372,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8731\/revisions\/10372"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8731"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8731"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/prairieswine.com\/rsc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8731"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}