Effect of supplemental phytase and ideal dietary amino acid ratios in covered and hulless-barley-based diets on pig performance and excretion of phosphorus and nitrogen in manure.

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A total of 144 (72 barrows + 72 gilts) crossbred pigs were used to determine the effect of feeding supplemental phytase and ideal dietary amino acid ratios in covered barley (CB) or hulless barley (HB)-based diets on growth performance, carcass quality, and excretion of phosphorus and nitrogen in manure during the grower and finisher periods. The three experimental grower and finisher diets were: 1) control diet (CB or HB) with Ca:P ratios according to National Research Council (NAS-NRC 1988), 2) the same as diet 1 but without added inorganic P, but supplemented with phytase (Novo Nordisk, Denmark) at 500 FTU kg-1, 3) the same as diet 2 with reduced dietary protein level, and supplemental amino acids lysine, threonine, and methionine to provide ideal dietary amino acid ratios of 0.70 for threonine to lysine and 0.30 for methionine to lysine. All diets were fed as pellets ad libitum in self-feeders with free access to drinking water. The ADG was not different (P > 0.10) between CB and HB or among the treatment diets during the grower, finisher and combined grower-finisher periods. The gain-to-feed ratios were higher (P < 0.01) for HB than for CB diets. They were also higher (P < 0.05) for diet 3 than for diet 1 during the finisher and combined grower-finisher periods. Carcass index and dressing percent were not different (P > 0.10) among the treatment diets. Supplemental phytase decreased (P < 0.05) the excretion of P during both grower and finisher periods. The combination of phytase and dietary ideal amino acid ratios decreased (P < 0.01) the excretion of both P and N. The ammonia and hydrogen sulphide production in stored liquid manure was not different among the diets.

Effect of Reducing Dietary Protein Level and Adding Amino Acids on Performance and Nitrogen Excretion of Early-Finishing Barrows

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This study was designed to evaluate the effect of reducing the protein level of late finishing pigs by 4-5% on growth performance, carcass characteristics and N excretion. The results indicate that dietary protein levels and N excretion can be reduced significantly without affecting pig performance when diets are supplemented with lysine, threonine, tryptophan and methionine. From a production standpoint, this means that a producer needs 38.4 % less land to spread his manure on if the nutrient management plan is based on N. However, amino acid levels need to be based on gram/day intake to avoid problems occurring with differences in feed intake causing an amino acid deficiency.

The impact of manure production rights on capital investment in the Dutch pig sector

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Evaluation of the Addition of Commercial Fertilizer to Swine Manure on Transportation Cost, Yield Performance and Nutrient Accumulation

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Based on test plots conducted over the last two years it has been demonstrated that comparable yields can be achieved from an amended manure application versus commercial fertilizer. In year #1 yields from the amended manure exceeded the commercially fertilized plots by 1.1% and 13.4% in AC Barrie and Hyola 401 respectively. Weather related factors did contribute to the significant difference in Hyola yields. In year #2 the yield of Smart canola 46A73 fertilized by amended manure was 3.2% less than the plot commercially fertilized. Similar research conducted by Curtis Cavers of Manitoba Agriculturea

Field evaluation of the equilibrium concentration technique (JTI method) for measuring ammonia emission from land spread manure or fertiliser

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Effects of Alum and Aluminum Chloride on Phosphorus Runoff from Swine Manure

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Liquid Swine Manure as a Fertilizer Source for Annual and Perennial Grass Forage

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Manure application during the mid-summer months is a problem on many farms. Corn or soybeans occupy most of the crop acres. Producers inquire as to the advisability of applying liquid swine manure to established bromegrass or an annual forage grass crop. A series of studies was initiated in 1998 at the Northern Iowa Research Farm to investigate the suitability of liquid swine pit manure as a
fertilizer source for annual and perennial grass forage crops.

Land-Use Issues and Conflict

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Municipalities are also often drawn into conflict. Sometimes municipalities are the source of
the conflict and other times they are perceived as an objective body that can or should
intervene to resolve problems between neighbours. When people have a concern, for example,
the first place they often turn to is their local municipality. Sources of conflict within the rural
community are varied. Sometimes, conflict may be a running feud between two neighbours
and the municipality will likely decline involvement. In other instances, however, and from
the perspective of rural planning and environmental management it may be in the
municipalities interest to become involved. For example the “Dirty Dozen” sources of conflict
identified by Carter and Owen (2000) have a strong municipal or public component to them
(for example water and air quality).
As mentioned, conflict can also exist between the municipality and ratepayers. Conflict may
arise from concern over municipal action or inaction, staff dealings with public, concern over
council-related issues, concern over taxes or concerns over any number of a wide range of
municipal services. In many rural municipalities across the country, the issue of agricultural
intensification has put many conflicts squarely on the Council table. In Ontario,
municipalities have been lobbied to stop the construction of new livestock facilities. In
Manitoba and Alberta tense public meetings have accompanied proposals for the construction
of new barns.
While conflict can not always be resolved to everyone’s satisfaction, it is desirable to try to
resolve or manage it. Individuals and organizations are recognizing that by increasing their
understanding of the negotiating process and by using specific skills, they can achieve
enhanced outcomes for themselves and others.

Economics of Beef Feedlot Manure Management From a Whole-Farm Planning Perspective

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Manure management is a priority concern of the beef feedlot industry. Specialized livestock production often separates manure from the cropland it has been traditionally associated with. Therefore, manure management is often considered in this same context. Manure management, however, need not be discussed exclusively in the context of a feedlot operation. A whole farm planning approach offers significant potential for manure management when the production of beef feedlot cattle and crops occurs at the same site. Integration of crop and livestock production offers benefits to the operation that are not readily available to specialized operations producing strictly crops or livestock. Cropland can provide feed to the livestock portion of the enterprise and a place to apply the manure produced by the cattle. Manure supplies nutrients to cropland that would otherwise have to be purchased from off-farm sources. Therefore, what would be a cost of disposal to an operation producing strictly livestock may become an economical way to supply nutrients to crop production on an integrated crop-livestock operation. Manure management and utilization can be addressed at several stages of agricultural production from livestock ration decisions through to land application and crop choice. Dietary manipulation and composting offer potential to reduce the amount and constituents of manure. Growing crops with high nutrient demands allows more nutrients to be recycled on a fixed amount of cropland. Wang and Sparling (1995) demonstrated that it was possible for irrigated land producing hay, grain corn and silage corn within a 10 mile radius of an area
of highly concentrated feedlots to absorb more than twice the manure produced by feedlots when the manure was applied at agronomic rates. Growing crops such as potatoes, sugar beets, or other crops to be exported out of a region presents yet another opportunity for longterm manure management. These crops grown for export break the cycle of applying manure to cropland, feeding the crop to livestock, and applying the subsequent manure on the same land.

Design and Performance of a High-Rise: Hog Facility Manure Drying Bed

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