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Prairie Swine Centre is an affiliate of the University of Saskatchewan
Prairie Swine Centre is grateful for the assistance of the George Morris Centre in developing the economics portion of Pork Insight.
Financial support for the Enterprise Model Project and Pork Insight has been provided by:
A pH-based control of ammonia in biogas during anaerobic digestion of artificial pig manure and maize silage
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Agricultural Chemical Usage Swine and Swine Facilities
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The agricultural chemical use estimates in this report are based on data compiled from a
survey conducted in the summer of 2006 in 17 Program States, which contain approximately 94 percent
of the U.S. hog inventory. The Program States are the 17 States published individually in the Quarterly Hogs and Pigs report. These States are listed in the inventory table on page 4 of this report.
This report provides insecticide use information on the swine sector of agriculture. All data refer to the on-farm use of active ingredients contained in insecticides applied during the 2005 calendar year.
Insecticides are applied to swine and swine facilities to control mange/mites, lice, flies, and other pests. Chemical data are provided on a rate per head per application and rate per head per year basis. Some swine received no chemical applications in 2005, whereas, other hogs and pigs received multiple applications of the same chemical. In yet other cases, swine received applications of several different chemicals. The number of times a chemical was applied varied significantly based on product formulation, method of application, and pest stress at particular locations. The rate per head data cannot be used to calculate the actual number of head treated with a particular chemical. June 2006 hog and pig inventories are reprinted in this report from the September 2006 Quarterly Hogs and Pigs report.
This report excludes pharmaceutical products that treat swine for internal pests. A pharmaceutical is
classified as a drug and is regulated by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA). Pharmaceuticals
generally target internal livestock pests such as viruses, bacteria, or worms. Some products can be
classified as either a pesticide or a pharmaceutical because they treat both external and internal pests. Examples of dual purpose products are Doramectin and Ivermectin. These products can be applied to swine internally through oral dosage or injection, or applied externally as a pour-on. Also excluded are disinfectants and sanitizers. Only insecticide data were collected and summarized.
Insecticide use information on chemical applications made to swine facilities is also included in this
report. Herbicide and termite chemical applications are excluded, as are all rodenticides.
Managing Manure Phosphorus on the Farm: Adapting and Adopting Beneficial Management Practices
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Due to the growing concerns about water quality in Manitoba, the Manitoba government has proposed two new regulations in regard to manure phosphorus being applied to agriculture land. One regulation is designed to control how much phosphorus is added to land from manure from livestock operations. The second regulation is designed to prevent over-application of nitrogen and phosphorus from all sources of nutrients on all agricultural land in Manitoba. In order to comply, farmers will have to implement beneficial management practices (“BMPsâ€) tailored to their own farm. Four processes of phosphorous loss include: 1) Loading, the application of phosphorus (usually resulting in surplus phosphorous – especially in livestock operations); 2) Mobilization, when the phosphorus is moved to water by separating the phosphorus from the soil; 3) Delivery, where the BMPs will intercept the delivery of phosphorous; and 4) Impact, which is the deterioration of surface water quality, usually in the form of algae growth. Reducing phosphorous loading is difficult because it is hard to apply manure to meet crop nitrogen requirements without applying excess phosphorous. Therefore, an attempt to minimize the import of phosphorus should be put in place. This includes things such as feed testing more intensively, designing farm-specific diets, minimizing “insurance†amounts of phosphorous, phase feeding, and many more. Phosphorous exports in meat, milk, eggs, and crops should be maximized, which can be done by improving overall crop and animal production efficiency. Phosphorous can also be exported from the farm in manure, where manure phosphorous quantities exceed the land base available for sustainable application. This can be a very expensive option since manure is usually transported in the form of water. Reducing phosphorous mobilization of dissolved phosphorus (solubilized) can be accomplished by reducing overall phosphorous loading, minimizing tillage erosion that loads nutrient-rich topsoil into drains, critically manage high-risk phosphorous solubilization areas, and much more. To reduce mobilization of soil phosphorous, you can reduce phosphorous loading on areas that are susceptible to erosion (via reducing tillage, for example), and eliminate tillage in areas directly adjacent to surface water or within field drains. Work should also be done to reduce the direct addition of fertilizer or manure phosphorous to water. To reduce phosphorus delivery, improve internal drainage within the soils, retain and utilize runoff water, and use a method such as a “Vegetated Buffer Strips†to manage erosion-prone areas.
Évaluation technico-économique d’un système de séparation liquide/solide des déjections à la source dans un bâtiment porcin et les impacts sur l’environnement – Volet II
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Au Québec, la production porcine constitue une partie importante du secteur agricole. Le rapport trimestriel sur le porc, produit par Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada (2004a), présente les principaux producteurs mondiaux de porcs entre 2002 et 2004. Parmi ceux-ci, le Canada se loge au 5e rang, juste derrière le Brésil. Au niveau national, le Québec est la province la plus productive.Au Québec, les déjections de 98,2% des unités porcines sont gérées sous forme liquide (Pigeon, 2003). Cette gestion peu coûteuse est appropriée dans un contexte où l’hygiène et le contrôle sanitaire doivent être élevés. Cependant, la gestion conventionnelle par vidange gravitaire (pull plug) favorise, entre autre, des émissions élevées de gaz et d’odeurs en plus de générer d’importants volumes de lisier.
En 2002, un moratoire a été décrété interdisant le développement de la production porcine québécoise pour 24 mois dans le but de permettre, entre autres, le développement de nouveaux procédés pour équilibrer le bilan phosphore des entreprises agricoles et diminuer les odeurs. Il est donc souhaitable que de nouvelles technologies de traitement, permettant à la fois de réduire l’émission d’odeur et de gaz dans les bâtiments et d’obtenir une matière fertilisante adaptée au besoin des cultures, soient mises en place.
C’est dans cette perspective que le projet intitulé « Évaluation technico-économique d’un système de séparation liquide-solide des déjections à la source dans un bâtiment porcin et les impacts sur l’environnement » a été mis sur pied conjointement par l’Institut de recherche et de développement en agroenvironnement inc. (IRDA) et le Centre de développement du porc du Québec inc. (CDPQ).
Tillage and Nitrogen Source and Rate Effects on Corn Response in Corn–Soybean Rotation
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Cover crop effects on the fate of N following soil application of swine manure
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Total and faecal coliform bacteria persistence in a pig slurry amended soil
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