Effect of Dietary Crude Protein Content and Phase Feeding on Performance and Urinary Nitrogen Excretion of Grower Pigs

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Nitrogen excretion is of concern because of its potential impact on the environment inside and outside the barn. Urinary nitrogen excretion can be reduced using dietary manipulations. Results indicate that a 2% reduction of dietary protein content throughout the grower phase reduced urinary nitrogen excretion by 22% without affecting performance. Phase feeding did not affect urinary nitrogen excretion or performance.

Lower total nitrogen excretion may reduce land base needed to apply manure in a sustainable manner. Lower urinary nitrogen excretion will reduce ammonia emission inside and outside the barn. The cost for implementing low protein diets will greatly depend on the fluctuating ingredient prices. For example at the present time for diets with an optimized digestible nutrient content, a 2% reduction in dietary crude protein increases the cost by $ 5 to 10 per tonne.

Establishing a Science-Based Approach to Odour Measurement

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Albertaa

Ag Science Helping to Reduce GHG Emissions

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Agriculture contributes 10% of Canadaa

Reduction of ammonia emission from growing pig rooms by feeding a lower protein diet supplemented with apple pomace

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Segregation of Wash/Spillage Water from Defecated Manure: a Means of Reduction of Odour and Ammonia Emission within the Barn Environment.

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A technology to separate defecated manure and urine from spillage water in hog farrowing barns has been developed in the Netherlands to reduce ammonia emissions up to 50 to 65 percent. A project was undertaken at a local Manitoba farm to evaluate the potential for this technology to reduce odour emitted from a farrowing barn. A test room with ten sows had the manure pit divided into a defecated manure (manure) channel and a spillage water (water) channel. The manure channel comprised approximately 33 percent of the total pit area. There was 1.3 m2 of manure surface area per sow. A control room with 28 sows was used for comparative purposes. All comparative data was analyzed on a per sow or a unit ventilation rate basis. The total nitrogen, ammonia, pH, electrical conductivity, phosphorous, potassium, sulphur, and total solids in the manure channel were significantly higher than the water channel. The values of these parameters were approximately two to 15 times higher in the manure channel than the water channel. The odour emission rate in terms of per sow from the test room was approximately 17 percent lower than the control room. The mean emission rate from the test room was 60.6 OU*m3/sow/s, while the control room was 73.4 OU*m3/sow/s. The hydrogen sulfide emission rate from the test room (0.92 L/sow/day) was approximately 27 percent lower than the control room (1.26 L/sow/day). The ammonia emission rate from the test room was approximately 25 percent lower than the control room. The mean ammonia emission rates were 19.8 and 26.3 L/sow/day from the test room and control room, respectively. Since odour is emitted from sources other than the manure surface, the reduced impact on the odour emission rate as compared to hydrogen sulfide and ammonia is to be expected. Hydrogen sulfide and ammonia can be emitted only from the manure surface, while odour is emitted from sources other than open manure, diluting the effect of manure surface treatments. The test room released approximately 1.5 kg less nitrogen per sow per year than the control room. The separated spillage water, up to six cubic metres per sow per year, is suitable for use as flush water in other rooms in the barn, which would result in a significant reduction in water consumption and wastewater production. The total potential saving due to nitrogen retention and reduced water consumption is approximately $13.00 per sow place per year. The cost of an imported gutter from the Netherlands is $375.00, however this cost should be reduced substantially if they were to be manufactured in Manitoba. Practical applications of the research results to existing building systems are discussed for farrowing, dry sow, weanling and grower/finisher production areas.

Nutrient Recovery from Swine Lagoon Water by Spirodela Punctata

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Estimating Ammonia Loss from Sprinkler-Applied Swine Effluent

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Can We Alter Water Utilization In Growing Pigs by Diet Manipulation?

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Concerns relating to the use of water resources by the livestock industry, combined with the rising cost of manure management, have resulted in greater interest in defining more precisely the water consumption of pigs. A study was conducted to determine if the crude protein or mineral content of a diet affected water consumption by growing pigs. Although water utilization was increased when the crude protein or mineral content of the diet was excessive, factors other than the diet appear to have a greater impact on water utilization by the pig.

Feeding a diet containing excessive dietary protein will result in increased water utilization by growing pigs. This makes sense as additional water will be required to remove the by-products of protein breakdown from the body. Surprisingly, reducing crude protein by increasing the use of synthetic amino acids will not reduce water intake. Although diet composition may influence water utilization in growing pigs, other factors, such as the environment and the design of the water delivery system appear to have a greater impact. The water:feed ratio was confirmed to be in the range of 2.5:1, provided excess nutrients are not present in the diet.

Growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility and fecal odorous compounds in growing-finishing pigs fed diets containing hydrolyzed feather meal

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Ohio's Livestock Environmental Permitting Program

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The Ohio Department of Agriculturea