Sheep production has generally been free from criticism on welfare issues as most sheep are extensively managed and lambs remain with their mothers from several weeks before weaning. Sheep production is a relatively minor portion of animal agriculture and has not attracted as much attention as other species in North America. In regions of the world in which sheep represent a major industry, several welfare issues have been the focus of recent research.

Castration and tail docking are procedures used in several species, but are of particular relevance to welfare studies of sheep as each may be performed using several procedures. Shearing, with its restraint and use of noisy, hot shears represents a common and repeated fear evoking procedure throughout the industry. The handling, transportation and slaughter of sheep is also a major welfare concern.

This article reviews the recent literature with respect to welfare issues in sheep.