Ontario Pork

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Prairie Swine Centre is an affiliate of the University of Saskatchewan


Prairie Swine Centre is grateful for the assistance of the George Morris Centre in developing the economics portion of Pork Insight.

Financial support for the Enterprise Model Project and Pork Insight has been provided by:



Author(s): C.L. Levesque, S. Moehn, P.B. Pencharz and R.O. Ball
Publication Date: August 13, 2009
Reference: Advances in Pork Production (2009) Volume 20, Abstract #2
Country: Canada

Summary:

The objective of this study is to determine the Threonine requirement of sows in early, mid- and late gestation. The THR requirement in early (35–53d),mid- (63-70d) and late (92–110d) gestation was determined by indicator amino acid (IAAO) oxidation in six second parity sows fed THR from 60 % to 150 % of NRC (1998) estimated requirements. L[1-13C]phenylalanine was given orally at 30 min intervals for 8 meals and expired 13CO2 was quantified. The nonlinear Mixed model in SAS was used to determine the THR requirement for each period by breakpoint analysis. Plasma THR was also used to estimate requirement. Sows responded differently to increasing levels of dietary THR in early and late gestation. Preliminary breakpoint analysis resulted in a THR requirement of 6.1 g/d in early gestation (R2=0.59), 7.0 g/d in mid gestation (R2=0.55) and 13.6 g/d in late gestation (R2=0.56). The THR requirement based on plasma THR was 7.2 g/d (R2=0.90) in early gestation and 14.0 g/d (R2=0.76) in late gestation. The current recommended THR intake during gestation is 10 g/d.  Feeding to a single amino acid requirement value during gestation will result in overfeeding in early gestation and underfeeding in late gestation. Feeding excess AA in early gestation will unnecessarily increase feed costs. Whereas, underfeeding AA in late gestation will have negative effects on sow body condition at parturition and on lactation performance. Phase feeding in gestation can reduce feed costs and may improve sow reproductive performance.

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