Development of an Industrial Process Technology for the Manufacturing of Lysine from Pig Manure

Posted in: Environment by admin on January 1, 1993 | No Comments

Laboratory and small scale experiments showed that about 75% of the nitrogen present in the manure can be converted to lysine. Mineral excesses have to be extracted to complete the treatment process. Those processes are presented but not many results are shown and no information is given on the investment and operation cost.

Optimisation of the Feeding Strategy to Minimize the N-excretion by Using the Dutch Technical Pig Feeding Model

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The model developed predict the influences of many parameters on pig growth for the growing and fattening periods. The impact of the feed composition can be simulated on N and P excretion. The simulation results showed that for the growing-finishing period, the multi-phase feeding system ( a mix of 16% and 13% crude protein diets adjusted every week to satisfy the pigs’ requirements according to their growth stage) could reduce the N excretion by 15% compared to the two-phase feeding system (one feed for the growing period and another for the fattening period).

Effets du lisier de porc sur la charge d'azote et de phosphore dans l'eau de ruissellement sous des pluies simulees

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As the experiments were done in laboratory, the results have to be considered with caution. The real values obtained may not be applicable for fields situations however the general behavior is likely to be the same. Manure injection reduce the phosphorus and nitrogen load in the runoff at the same level than with no manure application. However when the manure is applied on the soil surface, the nutrients load in the runoff increase with the application rate and is higher when the rain occurs soon after spreading. Also the longer the rain will be the losses of ammoniacal -N will than be more important as the contact time of the water and the manure is longer. In order to reduce the nutrient losses particularly for the nitrogen, the application rates should be as low as possible and the spreading should be done at least 1 day before a rain and manure should also be injected or incorporated.

Nitrogen Balances of Two Deep Litter Systems for Finishing Pigs

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This publication presents the nitrogen transformation with the equations representing the reactions. Ammonia emissions are found to be equal to the ones of traditional housing during the 10 months testing. However the NO2 emissions were four times higher. Data on N2 and NO2 productions would be useful for a complet nitogen balance in livestock buildings.

The Effect of Continuous Aerobic Treatment on the Fate of the Nitrogen Component in Piggery Slurry

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Nitrogen losses to up to 70% of the original nitrogen content can occur during aerobic treatments. If nitrification does not occur, for example for treatment of less than 3 days, the nitrogen losses will be one under the form of ammonia emissions. The nitrifying activity is encouraged by long aeration treatments of more than 3 days. Up to 70 % of the nitrogen present originally in the slurry can be nitrified (as nitrite and nitrate). However if the ventilation conditions are not maintained, denitrification process will occur and N losses can be over 10% of the original nitrogen present in the slurry.

Use of biotechnology and feed additives

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The results presented come from different experiments and show the potential of feed additives as a way to improve growth rate, protein digestion efficiency and amino acids utilization . More research has to be done on many of those dietary additives in order to make sure that they can be used currently in swine production with no short or long term consequences on humans and environment.

Measuring Greenhouse Gas Emissions in a Controlled Environment Dairy Barn

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Continous Ammonia and Ventilation rate measurement to evaluate an Ammonia Sensor in Field Conditions

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More work need to be done for field condition calibration and evaluation of the sensor. Ammonia could become a parameter in the ventilation control when a sensor become reliable. However it is mentioned that ammonia emission could be reduced by an appropriate ventilation rate which would probably be lowered. There could be contradiction between the reduction of ammonia and good ambient conditions which often require relatively high ventilation rates (depending on the conditions).

Simulation of Manure Flows on a Farm Level

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The model can be used by policy makers to see the impact of new regulations, by researchers to estimate the impact of new techniques developed for manure spreading or housing systems, by advisers to help farmers optimize their production techniques and see the impact of possible modifications in manure management or housing systems.

The effect of porcine somatotropin on nitrogen utilization and nitrogen losses in growing pigs

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The use of somatotropin is not allowed presently in Canada. However the results on N retention obtained with the use of this hormone are very interesting and could lead to better overall performances and reduction of the N excreted. The cost involved with the use of this hormone is not given.